Root certificate · Finland DVV (VRK)

VRK Gov. Root CA - G2

VRK Gov. Root CA - G2 is a root CA certificate operated by Finland DVV (VRK) (RSA 4096, valid until 2038-12-13, SHA-256 34FF2A44). As of the latest CCADB data it is trusted for TLS server authentication by 1 of 4 major root stores: Microsoft.

Data updated Nov 10, 2026

Root store status

Root store	Status	Trusted for TLS	Distrust for TLS after	Constrained
Chrome	Not included Not included	No	—	No
Mozilla	Not included Not included	No	—	No
Apple	Not included Not included	No	—	No
Microsoft	Included Included	Yes	—	Yes

The CCADB lists no EV policy OID for VRK Gov. Root CA - G2.

Not included Chrome

Status: Not included

Not included Mozilla

Status: Not included

Not included Apple

Status: Not included

Included Microsoft

Status: Included
Trusted EKUs: Server Authentication, Client Authentication, Document Signing, Secure Email
Not-before cutoff: 2025-09-15 (Secure Email)

"Trusted for TLS" means the store includes the root with the server-authentication trust bit (Mozilla "Websites", Apple serverAuth, Microsoft Server Authentication EKU). Microsoft "NotBefore" means only certificates issued before a cutoff date are still trusted. "Constrained" means the store applies extra restrictions.

Details

CA owner: Government of Finland, Population Register Centre’s (Väestörekisterikeskus, VRK)
Subject: CN=VRK Gov. Root CA - G2,OU=Varmennepalvelut,OU=Certification Authority Services,O=Vaestorekisterikeskus CA,C=FI
SHA-256: 34FF2A4409DC1383E9F8966E8ADFE5719EBA373FD0AD5E2F49F90EE07CF5D4C1
SHA-1 (Windows thumbprint): F435F85F0108DA684E7BFD517C90C627BB9A6CF5
SPKI SHA-256: 122312C081949106B7049F3FEBF199C010ADA13E3281CD358A41E7BD09C829D7
Valid from: 2017-12-14
Expires: 2038-12-13
Key: RSA 4096
Signature algorithm: sha512WithRSAEncryption
Serial number: 30D40
Country: FI
Trust bits (CCADB): Server Authentication, Client Authentication, Document Signing
EV policy OIDs (CCADB): not EV-enabled · TLS EV capable: No
Test websites: valid: https://valid2.fineid.fi · expired: https://expired2.fineid.fi · revoked: https://revoked2.fineid.fi
CCADB record: A006418
PEM: dvv-vrk-vrk-gov-root-ca-g2.pem

Look up this certificate on crt.sh

Intermediate CAs issued by this root

The CCADB lists no intermediate CA certificate signed directly by VRK Gov. Root CA - G2.

Cross-signed versions

No certificate in the CCADB has the same subject and public key as VRK Gov. Root CA - G2 with a different issuer, so a client has to carry VRK Gov. Root CA - G2 itself in its root store to trust it.

CRL and OCSP addresses

In the root certificate

VRK Gov. Root CA - G2 itself contains no CRL Distribution Points and no OCSP (Authority Information Access) extension. That is normal for a root: clients trust it directly and do not check its own revocation status.

Full CRL this CA publishes (CCADB)

http://proxy.fineid.fi/crl/vrkroot2c.crl

What happens when it expires

VRK Gov. Root CA - G2 is valid until 2038-12-13, about 12.1 years after this data snapshot (2026-11-10). From that day, browsers and operating systems that check trust-anchor expiry stop accepting chains that end at this root, so any certificate that can only chain to it fails validation. Android is a known exception: it does not enforce the expiry date of trust anchors.

Check whether your device trusts it

Each platform keeps its own root store. The commands below look up VRK Gov. Root CA - G2 by common name (VRK Gov. Root CA - G2) or fingerprint. The store status in each heading comes from the CCADB snapshot; your device can differ if it is out of date or managed by an administrator.

macOS (Apple store: Not included)

Search the system roots keychain by common name. -Z prints the SHA-256 hash, which must match the fingerprint on the last line.

security find-certificate -a -c "VRK Gov. Root CA - G2" -Z \
  /System/Library/Keychains/SystemRootCertificates.keychain | grep "SHA-256"
# SHA-256 hash: 34FF2A4409DC1383E9F8966E8ADFE5719EBA373FD0AD5E2F49F90EE07CF5D4C1

Windows (Microsoft store: Included · Trusted for TLS)

Windows identifies roots by SHA-1 thumbprint. It installs third-party roots on demand through Automatic Root Certificates Update, so "not found" can also mean the root has not been needed yet; certutil -generateSSTFromWU roots.sst downloads Microsoft's full list.

certutil -verifystore Root F435F85F0108DA684E7BFD517C90C627BB9A6CF5

Linux (ca-certificates follows Mozilla: Not included)

Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora and RHEL build their ca-certificates package from Mozilla's root store. Use trust list on p11-kit systems, or search the PEM bundle on Debian and Ubuntu.

# Fedora / RHEL / Arch (p11-kit)
trust list --filter=ca-anchors | grep -iF -A2 "VRK Gov. Root CA - G2"
# Debian / Ubuntu (ca-certificates)
openssl crl2pkcs7 -nocrl -certfile /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt \
  | openssl pkcs7 -print_certs -noout | grep -iF "VRK Gov. Root CA - G2"

Java

Java ships its own cacerts keystore; JDK 9 and later accept -cacerts and the default store password is changeit. Search for the SHA-256 fingerprint in colon form.

keytool -list -cacerts -storepass changeit | grep -i "34:FF:2A:44:09:DC:13:83:E9:F8:96:6E:8A:DF:E5:71:9E:BA:37:3F:D0:AD:5E:2F:49:F9:0E:E0:7C:F5:D4:C1"

Android

Android's system store is maintained by Google separately from the four CCADB stores above. Open Settings → Security & privacy → More security settings → Encryption & credentials → Trusted credentials → System (menu names vary by vendor and version) and look for Vaestorekisterikeskus CA → VRK Gov. Root CA - G2.

Which root does my site chain to?

List the chain your server sends and compare the last issuer with this root; the fingerprint check confirms a local copy.

Download PEM

# show subject (s:) and issuer (i:) of every certificate the server sends
openssl s_client -connect example.com:443 -servername example.com -showcerts </dev/null 2>/dev/null \
  | grep -E '^ *[0-9]+ s:|^ *i:'
# subject and SHA-256 fingerprint of the downloaded PEM file
openssl x509 -in dvv-vrk-vrk-gov-root-ca-g2.pem -noout -subject -fingerprint -sha256
# sha256 Fingerprint=34:FF:2A:44:09:DC:13:83:E9:F8:96:6E:8A:DF:E5:71:9E:BA:37:3F:D0:AD:5E:2F:49:F9:0E:E0:7C:F5:D4:C1

FAQ

Is VRK Gov. Root CA - G2 trusted by Chrome, Firefox, Safari and Windows?

As of 2026-11-10, Microsoft trust it for TLS server authentication; Chrome, Mozilla, Apple do not.

When does VRK Gov. Root CA - G2 expire?

On 2038-12-13, about 12.1 years after the 2026-11-10 data snapshot.

How many intermediate certificates has VRK Gov. Root CA - G2 issued?

The CCADB lists no intermediate certificate signed directly by VRK Gov. Root CA - G2.

Is VRK Gov. Root CA - G2 cross-signed?

No. The CCADB has no certificate with the same subject and public key signed by another CA.

Other roots from Finland DVV (VRK)

DVV Gov. Root CA - G3 ECC ECDSA P-384 · 2042-05-05
DVV Gov. Root CA - G3 RSA RSA 4096 · 2042-05-05

Sources

CCADB — Resources (TLS Server Authentication report, All Included Root Certificate Trust Bit Settings)
CCADB — All Certificate Information (root and intermediate), CSV V5
CCADB — Mozilla Included CA Certificate Report
CCADB — Chrome / Mozilla / Apple / Microsoft TLS Server Authentication CSV